ngz;fspd; murpaw; gpujpepj;Jtk;:

-rutzd;

,yq;iff;F Rje;jpuk; fpilj;J 50 tUlq;fshfg; Nghfpd;w ,e;jj; jUzj;jpy; ghuhSkd;wj;jpy; ngz;fspd; gpujpepjpj;Jtk; 5.3 tPjkhfNt cs;sJ. vkJ ehl;bd; ngz;fSf;F cs;s FLk;gg; nghWg;Gf;fs; fhuzkhf ,J mjpfhpf;fhkypUe;jhYk; Fiwe;j gl;rk; 25 tPjkhtJ ghuhSkd;wj;jpy; gpujpepjpj;Jtk; tfpf;fKbAkhapUe;jhy; ey;yJ.""

fle;j 10Mk; jpfjpad;W ghuhSkd;wj;jpy; ele;j tuT nryTj;jpl;l - kfspH tptfhuj; Jiwf;F epjp xJf;FtJ njhlHghd - tpthjj;jpd; NghJ kfspH tptfhu mikr;rH N`kh uj;dhaf;f Mw;wpa ciuapNyNa Nkw;gb njhptpj;jhH.

,t;TiuahdJ mLj;j ehs; gj;jphpiffspy; ntspahdJ. rpq;fsg; gj;hpiffspy;> jpta;d> yq;fhjPg Mfpatw;wpy; ntspahd ghuhSkd;w ciufspy; Vida Mz; cWg;gpdHfspd; ciufs; ntspahfpd. ngz; ghuhSkd;w cWg;gpdHfspd; ciufs; $l NtW tplaq;fs; Fwpj;j mk;rq;fs; ntspahfpdNt xopa ,t;tplak; Fwpj;jit ntspahfpapUf;ftpy;iy. jpdkpd (mur fl;Lg;ghl;Lf;Fs;spUg;gJ) khj;jpuk; ,jidg; gpuRhpj;jpUe;jJ. mjw;Ff; fhuzk; nrhy;yg;gl;l tplak; gw;wpajw;fhf my;y. nrhy;ypa egH MSk; murhq;fj;jpd; mikr;rH vd;gjw;fhfNt.

jkpo;g; gj;jphpiffspNyh ,J Fwpj;j ciu vq;Fk; ntspahfpapUf;ftpy;iy. mjw;fLj;j ehs; tPuNfrhp gj;jphpifapy; MrphpaH jiyaq;fj;jpy; ,J Fwpj;j nra;jp ntspahfpapUe;jJ.

Mzhjpf;f nra;jp epWtdq;fs; midj;JNk ,r;nra;jpapd; Kf;fpaj;Jtj;ij czuhjjpy; Mr;rhpankd;d ,Uf;f KbAk;?

,J xU Kf;fpaj;Jtk; tha;e;j nra;jpjhd; vd;w NghJk; $wg;gl;l tplak; Fwpj;J mikr;rhpd; mNj thjj;ij mg;gbNa Vw;Wf;nfhs;tJ ,d;ndhU gpur;rpidahFk;.

fhuzk; ,e;j 25 tPjk; Fwpj;jJ jhd;. ,e;jf; Nfhhpf;ifahdJ Mzhjpf;f mjpfhuf; fl;likg;igg; nghWj;jstpy; vjpHg;Gfspd;wp Vw;Wf;nfhs;sf;$ba tha;g;Gfs; cz;L. Vnddpy; rdj;njhifapy; rhpghjp (mijtplTk; $l) ngz;fs; cs;s epiyapy; mNj msT tPjhrhuj;ijf; $lf; Nfhug;glhjjhdJ Mzhjpf;fj;Jf;F ntw;wpNaad;wp Ntnwd;d?

vd;w NghJk; 25 tPjf;Nfhhpf;if Fwpj;J $l> ,J tiu mur jug;gpypUe;J rk;kjk; tutpy;iy. mJ Fwpj;J ghprPypg;gjhfNt $wpapUf;fpwJ. mf;Nfhhpf;ifia mjpfhuj;jug;G Vw;Wf; nfhz;ljhff; $wpdhYk; Mr;rhpag;gLtjw;fpy;iy vd;gij ehk; ,q;F tpsq;fpf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;.

,e;jf; Nfhhpf;if mjpfhuj; jug;gpypUe;J> mJTk; kfspH tptfhu mikr;rhplkpUe;J ntspte;Js;sik vy;NyhiuAk; $He;J ftdpf;fr; nra;jpUf;fpwJ vd;gJ cz;ikNa. Mdhy; ,f; Nfhhpf;ifapd; mw;gj;jdj;ij milahsk; fhz vj;jid Nghpd; Mjpf;f fUj;jpay; ,lk; nfhLf;Fk;?

mikr;rH N`kh> rhpghjp [dj;njhifiaf; nfhz;l ngz;fSf;F 25 tPj gpujpepjpj;Jtj;ij kl;LNk NfhUtJ kl;Lky;yhky; FLk;g mikg;Gf;Fs; ngz;fSf;Fs;s kughd nghWg;Gf;fis kiwKfkhf epahag;gLj;JtijAk; fz;L nfhs;shkypUf;f ,aYkh? mtH rhHe;j mjpfhuj;Jtk; kpf;f fl;rpapdJk;> murhq;fj;jpdJk;> murpdJk; $ba gl;r vy;iy ,t;tsthfj;jhd; ,Uf;f KbAk;.

mz;ikapy; ngz;fs; fy;tp Ma;T epWtdk; ngz;fspd; murpay; gpujpepjpj;Jtj;ij mjpfhpg;gjw;fhf "increasing political participation of women through a reservation system" vDk; Ntiyj;jpl;lnkhd;iw cUthf;fpapUf;fpwhHfs;. mjd;gb murhq;f kl;lq;fspy;> ngz;fSf;F %d;wpy; xU tPj gpujpjpj;Jtf; Nfhhpf;ifia Kd;itj;Js;shHfs;. 15 tUlq;fSf;F ,J nry;Y gbahf Ntz;Lk; vd;Wk; Kd;nkhopag;gl;Ls;sJ.

gy mur rhHgw;w epWtdq;fSk; ,f;Nfhhpf;ifia Kd;nfhz;L nry;y mzpjpuz;L tUtjhfj; njhpfpwJ. WERC apd; jiytp nry;tp jpUr;re;jpud; ,J Fwpj;J vkf;F njhptpf;ifapy;> ",J Fwpj;J murpaw; fl;rpfSld; ,zf;fg;ghl;Lf;F tUtjw;fhd Kaw;rpahf yq;fh rkrkh[f; fl;rp> fk;A+dp];l; fl;rp> j.tp.$l;lzp> I.Nj.f. vd;gtw;Wld; Ngr;RthHj;ij elj;jpapUf;fpd;Nwhk;. mtHfisg; nghWj;jstpy; ,f;Nfhhpf;ifapy; vJtpj Ml;NrgKkpy;iy." vd;whH. mw;gf; Nfhhpf;iff;F Ml;Nrgnkd;d ,Uf;f KbAk;. (gpujhd fl;rpfSk; $l ,f;Nfhhpf;ifia mq;fPfhpj;Js;sd vd;why; mjd; mHj;jk; thf;F tq;fpfis epug;gpf; nfhs;s ,jid cr;r mstpy; gad;gLj;jyhk; vd;w fw;gidapdhNynahopa> ,f;Nfhhpf;ifapd; mtrpaj;ij czHe;J tpl;lhHfs; vd;Nwh jkJ Mzhjpf;f epiyg;ghl;bypUe;J kPz;L tpl;lhHfs; vd;gjhNyh my;y) vd;w NghJk; ,f;Nfhhpf;ifAk; $l NghJkhd Nfhhpf;ifahf ,Uf;f KbahJ.

,f;Nfhhpf;if ,yq;ifapy; vOtjw;F gpd;Gykhf ,Ue;jJ> ,e;jpahtpYk; %d;wpy; xU tPj ngz; gpujpepjpj;Jt Nfhhpf;if vOg;gg;gl;L tUtNj. ,f;Nfhhpf;ifapd; gug;G> mJ jug;NghFk; ePz;lfhy gpujpgyd;> mjd; NghJkhd jd;ik Fwpj;J ve;j tpj ghprPyidAk; ,d;wp mNj Nfhhpf;ifia ,yq;ifapYk; gpujpgz;ZtjhfNt njhpfpwJ. rhpahd Gul;rpfu khw;W rf;jpNaJkpy;yhj epiyapy; ngz;fspd; Nfhhpf;ifapid Kd;nfhz;L nry;y ngz;fSf;nfd;W fl;rpnahd;W ,y;yhjjd; Fiw ,q;F jhd; njhpfpwJ.

"25tPjk;"> "%d;wpy; xU tPjk;" Nghd;w Nfhhpf;iffs; Kd;itg;gjd; %yk; cz;ikapy; Kd; itf;fg;gl Ntz;ba Nfhhpf;ifia mw;gj;jdkhd Nfhhpf;ifahf;fp> rpW Njitahf FWf;fp tpLk; xd;whfNt ,jidf; fhz KbfpwJ. ,J tiu muR rhHgw;w epWtdq;fs; rfy JiwfspYk; nra;J tUtJk; ,jidj; jhd;. gpujhd murpay; Nfhhpf;iffs; Kd; itf;fg;gLfpd;w Nghnjy;yhk; mjw;F type;J Ngha; jiyapl;L> jiyiknfhLj;J rpW Nfhhpf;ifahf FWf;fp tpLk; Nghf;F mur rhHgw;w epWtdq;fSf;Nf chpad. mg;gbahd xU Nghf;fhfNt ,jidAk; fhz KbAk;. ,t;tikg;Gfs; mt;thwhd Nfhhpf;iffspy; $l cWjpahf njhlHr;rpahf epw;Fk; vd;Nwh> kpfTk; Jbg;Gld; NghuhLk; vd;Nwh ek;gpf;if itf;f KbahJ.

,t;tikg;G "%d;wpy; xU tPj Nfhhpf;if"ia vOg;gpaJ xU GwkpUf;f mf;Nfhhpf;if 15 tUlq;fSf;F nry;YgbahFk;gb nra;aNtz;Lk; vd;W $wpapUg;gjhdJ> NkYk; mjd; J}uNehf;fw;w> JNuhfj;jdkhd Nfhhpf;ifiaNa ntspg;gLj;JfpwJ.

-rdj;njhifapy; rhpghjpiaAila ngz;fSf;F mNj mstpyy;yth gpujpepjpj;Jtk; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. Kjyhspj;Jt [dehafk; $l tpfpjhrhuj;ij kWf;fhNj. ,J r%fj;jpYs;s rpWghd;ikNahH rk;ge;jkhd gpur;riday;yNt> rk tpfpjhrhuj;ijAilatHfs; mjpfhukw;wpUg;gJ> kwWk; ,d;ndhU jug;ghy; mlf;FKiwf;Fs;shfpf; nfhz;bUg;gJ gw;wpa gpur;rpid. rpWghd;ikapdH tplaj;jpy; $l nfhs;ifastpy; ,t;tpfpjhrhuj;ij Vw;Wf; nfhs;s Kbe;j mjpfhuj; jug;Gf;F ngz;fs; tplaj;jpy; Vd; ,e;j tpfpjhrhuj;ijf; filg;gpbf;f KbahJ?

-NjHjy;fspd; NghJ Ntl;ghsH gl;baypy; 35 tPjk; ,isQHfis (16f;Fk; 35f;Fk; ,ilapy;) cl;gLj;JtJ Fwpj;j tpjp gpNukjhr fhyj;jpy; eilKiwf;Ff; nfhz;L tug;gl;lJ. ,isQHfs; rk;ge;jkhd [dhjpgjp Mizf;FOtpd; rpghhprhfNt ,J mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gl;lJ. mt;thizf;FO ",isQd;"fis kl;LNk fUj;jpw; nfhz;L ,g; gpNuuizfis Kd; itj;jpUe;jJ. [dj;njhifapy; xU Fwpg;gpl;l tPjj;jpdiu kl;LNkAila jug;gpdUf;F ,t;thwhd gpujpepjpj;Jt xJf;fPL toq;f KbAkhdhy; ngz;fSf;F toq;Ftjpy; cs;s gpur;rpidjhd; vd;d? NkYk; Nkw;gb ,isQH xJf;fPl;bid ",sk;" ngz;fs; mDgtpf;f Kbahkypf;Fk; Nghf;ifAk; mtjhdpf;f Ntz;Lk;.

-cz;ikapy; ngz;fspd; murpay; <Lghl;ilAk; gpujpepjpj;Jtj;ijAk; mjpfhpg;gjhapd; ,f;Nfhhpf;if NghJkhdjhf ,Uf;f KbahJ. r%fj;jpy; vg;NghJk; Fiw tpUj;jpiaAila (Fiw tpUj;jpf;Fs;shf;fg;gl;l) jug;gpdiu Mff; Fiwe;j gl;rNkDk; NkNy nfhz;L tUtjhapUe;jhy; Fwpg;gpl;l fhyj;Jf;F tpNrl ftdpg;G nrYj;jg;gl;Nl Mf Ntz;Lk;. cjhuzj;jpw;F mtHfspd; cz;ikahd tPjhrhuk; 50 tPjkhf ,Uf;fpwnjd;why; (Fwpg;gpl;l gj;jhz;Nlh gjpide;jhz;Nlh tpNrl jpl;lj;jpd; %yk;) mjid tpl Nkyjpfkhf mtHfSf;F tha;g;G toq;Ftjd; KyNk caHj;jyhk;. ,jid murpay; Nfhhpf;ifahf Kd;itg;gjhapUe;jhy; ,jdbg;gilaNyNa mika Ntz;Lk;. mij tpl;L 15 Mz;Lf;F %d;wpy; xU tPjj;ijf; NfhUtNjh> ve;j tpjkhd ghPrpypg;Gkpd;wp ,d;ndhU ehl;il gpujpgz;ZtNjh my;yJ Kf;fpaj;Jtk; tha;e;j murpaw; Nfhhpf;ifia nrhw;g Nfhhpf;ifahf vOg;GtNjh mf;Nfhhpf;ifia nraypof;fNt nra;Ak;.

-,yq;ifapy; rHt[d thf;Fhpik toq;fg;gl;l fhyk; njhlf;fk; ,J tiu ngz;fspd; gpujpepjpj;Jtk; 5tPjj;ijf; $lj; jhz;ltpy;iy. mikr;ruitapYk; $l ngUk;ghYk; "kfspH mikr;R " jtpHe;j NtW mikr;Rfs; mt;tsthf toq;fg;gl;ljpy;iy. ngz;fSf;F mikr;Rf;fs; toq;fg;gLtJ $l 9 tPjj;ij ,J tiu jhz;ltpy;iy. r%f murpay; eltbf;iffspy; ngz;fs; <LgLtjw;Fk; murpay; hPjpapy; mtw;wpy; jiyaPL nra;tjw;Fk; ngz;fSf;F cs;s chpik ,Jtiu fhyk; kl;Lg;gLj;jg;gl;Nl te;jpUf;fpwJ. Fiwe;j gl;rk; ghuhSkd;wj;jpy; ngz;fspd; gpur;rpidfs; Fwpj;j tplaq;fspy; $l Mz;fs; ngz;fSf;F vjpuhd KbTfis vLj;Jte;j Ntisfspy; mjid vjpHf;f ghuhSkd;wj;jpy; gykpy;yhjtHfshfNt ,Ue;J te;Js;sdH. ,jw;F rpwe;j xU cjhuzk; 1995Mk; Mz;L nrg;lk;gH khjk; 20> 21 Mfpa jpfjpfspy; "fUf;fiyg;G" njhlHghd rl;l jpUj;jq;fs; Fwpj;j ghuhSkd;w tpthjq;fspd; NghJ Mz; gpujpepjpfs; Kd; itj;j fUj;Jf;fSk; mjd; Nkhrkhd KbTfSk;.

cUg;gbahd Gul;rpfu r%f khw;wk; ,lk;ngwhj #o;epiyapy; ,f;Nfhhpf;ifAk; $l G+H\;th Nfhhpf;ifahf ,Uf;fyhk;. Mdhy; Fwpg;gpl;lstpshd tsHr;rpf;F ,J ,l;Lr; nry;y cjTk;.

epr;rakhf Muk;gj;jpy; ,J cldb gpujpgyidj; juhJ.

-Mz;fNshL xg;gpLifapy; ngz;fs; thf;fspg;gpy; gq;F nfhs;tJ kpfTk; FiwNt.

-ngz;fs; $l ngz;fSf;Fj; jhd; my;yJ ngz;fsJ Njitfs; Fwpj;J mf;fiwg;gLgtHfSf;F jhd; thf;fspg;ghHfs; vd;Wk; $wptpl KbahJ.

-xJf;fPL epiwNtw;wg;gl;L mjd;gb Ntl;ghsH gl;baypy; ngz;fisAk; NrHj;J NjHjypy; Nghl;baplr; nra;jhYk; ngz;fs; mNj msT tPjhrhuj;jpy; njhpT nra;ag;glg; NghtJkpy;iy. mNj msT njhpT nra;ag;gLtjhff; nfhz;lhYk; epHthfj;Jiwapy; (mikr;ruitapy;) mNj tpjhrhuk; fpilf;fg; NghtJkpy;iy. mg;gbf; fpilj;jhYk; ngz;fspd; eyd;fSf;F rhHghfj; jhd; ,Ug;ghHfs; vd;Nwh fw;gid nra;aj; Njitapy;iy.

-Nkl;Lf;Fbg; ngz;fNs (XusT FLk;gr; RikapypUe;J tpLgl;l> nghUshjhu hPjpapy; Mz;fspy; jq;fpapUf;fhj> tHf;f> rhjpa>kj> ,dj;Jt nry;thf;F Nghd;w Mjpf;f gz;Gfisf; nfhz;l> ngz;fNs) murpay; mjpfhuj;Jf;F tuf;$ba tha;g;Gfs; mjpfsT cz;L.

MdhYk; epr;rakhf ,J ngz;fSf;F murpay; gapw;rpia toq;Fk;. murpay; gq;fspg;ig Cf;Ftpf;Fk;. murpay; <Lghl;ilAk; MHtj;ijAk; mjpfhpf;Fk;. ,it ngz;fs; rk tha;g;Gfis mila Kd;epge;jidahf mikAk;. ngz;fis jkJ re;jHg;gthjj;Jf;fhf ifahz;L tUk; fl;rpfspd; gpbapypUe;J tpLglTk; ,g; gapw;rp fzprkhd msT cjTk;.

Kjyhspj;Jt NjHjy; Kiwapy; ngz;fspd; murpay; <Lghl;Lf;F gy r%fj; jilfs; cs;sd. ,d;iwa epiyapy; ngz;fSf;F kughd Mzhjpf;f FLk;g mikg;G Kiw Rkj;jpAs;s nghWg;Gfs;> td;Kiw kpFe;j #oy;> ngz;fspd; gfpuq;f r%f eltbf;iffis Mzhjpf;f r%f mikg;G nfhz;bUf;Fk; re;Njfg; ghHit> xOf;f kPwyhf mjidf; fUJk; Nghf;F> fyhrhu gz;ghl;L IjPfq;fs;> Nghd;wd jilahfj; jhd; ,Uf;fpd;wd. ,tw;wpypUe;J tpLgl epr;rak; ,f;Nfhhpf;iffs; $l NghJkhdjhf ,Uf;f KbahJ. Gul;rpfu r%f khw;wj;jpd; %yNk ,jid ntd;nwLf;f KbAk;.

vt;thwhapDk; ngz;fspd; murpay; gq;fspg;ig mjpfhpg;gjpy; <LgLk; ve;j rf;jpAk; tUk; Nfs;tpfis ftdj;jpw; nfhs;tJ Kf;fpak;.

-rfy NjHjy;fspYk; Mz;fisg; NghyNt ngz;fSk; rkdhf thf;fspf;Fk; chpikiag; ngw;wpUf;fpwhHfsh? cz;lhapd; Mz;fNshL xg;gpLifapy; ngz;fspd; thf;fspg;G tPjk; vj;jid?

-murpaw; fl;rpfspd; cWg;gpdHfspy; vj;jid rjtPjj;jpdH ngz;fs;? murpaw; gzpfspy; ngz;fspd; gq;fspg;G vj;jifaJ? mj;jifa ngz;fspd; gq;fspg;ig mjpfhpf;fr; nra;a mf;fl;rpfs; eltbf;iffis Nkw;nfhs;fpd;wdth? me; eltbf;iffspd; jd;ik vj;jifad?

-NjHjy;fspd; NghJ ngz; Ntl;ghsHfspd; tpfpjhrhuk; vd;d? Ntl;ghsHfSf;fhd epge;jidfs; MZf;Fk; ngz;Zf;Fk; rkkhdJ jhdh? ngz;fspd; Nfhhpf;iffis ngz;fs; vt;tsT J}uk; Kd; itf;fpwhHfs;? ngz;fspd; thf;fspg;G tPjhrhuk; vd;d? ngz;fis ntw;wpngwr; nra;tjpy; ngz; thf;fhsHfspd; gq;fspg;G vd;d? Mz;fNshL xg;gpLifapy; vj;jid tPj ngz;fs; njhpT nra;ag;gLfpwhHfs;? epHthfj;Jiwf;F njhpT nra;ag;gLk; ngz;fspd; tPjhrhuk; vd;d?

-ngz;fspd; murpay; <Lghl;Lf;fhd jilfs; vit? mj;jilfis Vw;gLj;Jtjpy; r%f IjPfq;fSf;Fk;> FLk;gr; RikfSf;Fk;> murpaw; rf;jpfSf;Fk;> murpaw;> nghUshjhu #oYf;Fk;> cs;s ghj;jpuk; vit?

-,tw;iw jhz;btu ngz;fSf;Fs;s njhpT vd;d?

Nkw;gb Nfs;tpfSf;fhd tpilfshdJ ngz;fspd; murpay; gpujpepjpj;Jt mjpfhpg;Gf;F Kd;dH tpil fhz Ntz;ba Kd;epge;jidahd Nfs;tpfshFk;.

kw;Wk;gb murpdJk; (mikr;rhpdJk;) muR rhuh epWtdq;fspdJk; jpBH fhpridfisf; fz;L kiyf;fNth ek;gpf;if nfhs;sNth Njitapy;iy.

(1998 [dthp 18 rhpepfH)