-NjhoH rPytj;jp

Ngl;b vd;.rutzd;

rPytj;jp b rpy;th gw;wp...

1971 Vg;uy; Gul;rp gw;wpa gyH kj;jpapYk; NtWgl;l fUj;Jfs; epyTfpd;w NghjpYk; mjpy; gq;F nfhz;ltHfs; nra;j mHg;gzpg;G> jpahfk;> gpuf;iQ vd;gtw;iwAk; mjd; fhuzkhf mtHfs; gl;l Jd;gq;fisAk;> mtyq;fisAk; vtUk; Fiwj;J kjpg;gpl khl;lhHfs; vd;gJ khj;jpuk; cz;ik. fl;rpf;Fs; khj;jpuky;y> fl;rpf;F ntspapYk; gyH MjuthsHfshfTk; nraw;ghl;lhsHfshfTk; ,Ue;J te;Js;sdH. me;j tifapy; md;iwa neUf;fb kpf;f fhyg;gFjpapy; jha;khhpdJk; je;ijkhhpdJk; gq;fspg;G> jpahfk; vd;gitAk; rhjhuzkhditay;y.

Vg;uy; Gul;rpapd; jiytHfspy; xUtuhd x];kd;l; b rpy;thtpd; jhahH rPytj;jp b rpy;th gw;wp jkpo; thrfHfSf;F mwpKfg;gLj;Jfpd;w Nehf;fpy; mtH gw;wpa mwpKfKk; rpW ciuahlYk; ,t;tpjopy; gpuRukhfpwJ.

mtH ,g;NghJ ,y;iy vd;Nw gutyhd fij epytp te;jJ. Mdhy; x];kd; b rpy;thtplk; NeHfhznyhd;iw nra;tjw;Fr; nrd;wpUe;j Ntis mtuJ jhahH ,d;dKk; ,Uf;fpd;w jftiy mwpa Kbe;jJ. taJ KjpHe;j epiyapYk; ",J jfHj;njwpag;gl Ntz;ba r%f mikg;GKiw" vd cWjpahff; $WfpwhH mtH.

md;W njhlf;fk; ,d;W tiu N[.tp.gp.apdH kj;jpapYk; ,lJrhhpg; ngz;fs; kj;jpapYk; kjpg;G kpf;ftuhf tpsq;fptUk; NjhoH rPytj;jpia tlnfhhpa Gul;rpfuj; jiythpd; jhahH "fk;nghq;n\hf;" vd;w ngahpy; N[.tp.gp.apdH mioj;J te;jdH.

1923 brk;gH 24Mk; jpfjp nfhOk;G-nghuy;iyapy; gpwe;j ,thpd; ngw;NwhH> V.<.Fzrpq;ftpd; njhopw; fl;rpapd; MjuthsHfs;. 1940,y; js;S tz;bfis nrhe;jkhf itj;J thliff;F nfhLj;J te;j tpy;gpul; rpy;thit ,tH kze;jhH.

30fspy; kNyhpah fha;r;ry; gutpaNghJ> kNyhpah xopg;G nraw;ghLfspy; <Lgl;L te;j rkrkh[f; fl;rpapdhpd; gpur;rhuj;jhy; ftug;gl;L jk;gjpaHfs; ,UtUk; murpaypy; <LghL fhl;bdH. ,uz;lhk; cyf kfh Aj;jf; fhyg; gFjpapy; rkrkh[f; fl;rp gphpj;jhdpa Vfhjpgj;jpaj;jpdhy; jil nra;ag;gl;bUe;jJ. rk rkh[f; fl;rpapd; nraw;ghLfs; midj;Jk; ,ufrpakhfNt Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;L te;jd. ,ufrpag; gpur;rhu NtiyfspYk; fl;rpapd; cj;jpNahfG+Htkhd Vlhd "rkrkh[a" gj;jphpifia ,ufrpakhf tpepNahfpg;gJ Nghd;w Ntisyfspy; NjhoH rPytj;jp <Lgl;L te;jhH. fhy;fspy; gj;jphpiffis Rw;wp itj;J ,ug;gH Nghl;L tpohjgb itj;Jf;nfhz;L ntspj; njhpahjgb Nriyazpe;J nry;thuhk; ,tH.

1942 ,y; ,tH nfhk;A+dp];l; fl;rpAld; ,ize;J nfhz;lhH. cs;@uhl;rpj; NjHjy;fspd; NghJ gPl;lH nfdkdpd; ntw;wpf;fhf fLikahf cioj;jhH. NgH ngw;w buhk; tz;bj; njhopyhsHfspd; Ntiy epWj;jg; Nghuhl;lj;jpd; NghJ tPjp kwpay; nra;jdH ngz;fs;. mg;ngz;fSf;F jiyik jhq;fpatHfspy; rPytj;jp> ky;ypfh> Nrhkh Nghd;wtHfs; Kf;fpakhdtHfs;. ,uz;lhk; Aj;j fhyg;gFjpapd; gpd; rkrkh[f; fl;rpapd; jiytHfs; tpLjiyahfp te;jdH. mjd; gpd; fl;rpapd; Ntiyfisg; gfpuq;fkhf elj;j Kbe;jjhy;> rPytj;jp jdJ gpuNjrkhd tdhj;jKy;y gFjpapy; y.r.r.f.tpd; khngUk; gfpuq;ff; $l;lj;ij elj;Jfpd;w xOq;Ffis Nkw;nfhz;lhH. gpd;dH y.r.r.f. jiyik jhq;fpa ypg;ld; fk;gdp> ngh];ll; fk;gdp> nfhkH\y; nfhk;gdp Nghd;w Ntiy epWj;jg; Nghuhl;lq;fspnyy;yhk; Kf;fpa gq;fhw;wpapUf;fpwhH.

1953 `Hj;jhy; Nghuhl;lj;jpd; NghJ ngz;fspd; gq;fspg;G vd;gJ tuyhW fhzhj xd;W vd;gij ahUk; mwptH. tPjpfis kwpj;J kwpay; Nghuhl;lk; nra;j NghJ murhq;fk; tYf;fl;lhakhf thfdq;fis nrYj;jpaJ. mjid jLg;gjw;nfd tPjpfspy; fpilahf Fop Njhz;Ljy;> kw;Wk; thfdq;fis Nrjg;gLj;Jjy Nghd;w eltbf;iffis Nkw;nfhs;sj; jpl;lkplg;gl;bUe;jJ. mjw;fhf ntb Fz;Lfs; $l jahH gLj;jg;gl;bUe;jJ. mg;gbahd jahhpg;Gfspy; NjhoH rPytj;jpf;Fk; gq;fpUe;jJ.

rPytj;jp murpay; hPjpapy; epiwe;j mDgtq;fisg; ngw;wpUe;j Ntis 1963> 1964fspy;> ,lJrhhpf; fl;rpfs; = yq;fh Rje;jpuf; fl;rpAld; ,ize;J If;fpa Kd;dzp fl;LtJ Fwpj;J jPHkhdk; epiwNtw;wpa NghJ ny];yp FztHjdTld; NrHe;J eLepiyik tfpj;jhH. Mdhy; mJ vt;tsT jtwhd epiyg;ghL vd;gij gpw;fhyj;jpy; czHe;jjhfj; njhptpf;fpwhH.

gbg;gbahf jhd; rhHe;j fl;rpapypUe;J ek;gpf;ifapoe;jhH. N[.tp.gp. nraw;glj; njhlq;fpa NghJ mJ tiu fhyk; y.r.r.f.tpy; nraw;gl;L te;j jdJ kfd; N[.tp.gp.apy; ,ize;J mjpy; jPtpukhf nraw;glj; njhlq;fp> jdJ tPLk; N[.tp.gp.apd; fl;rpf; fhhpahyakhf nraw;glj; njhlq;fpa NghJ mjpy; gbg;gbahf <Lglj; njhlq;fpdhH. mtuhy; Kbe;j Ntiyfis nghWg;ngLj;J nra;J te;jhH.

1971 Vg;uy; fpsHr;rpapd; gpd;dH Vg;uy; 18Mk; jpfjp ifJ nra;ag;gl;lhH. r%f tpLjiyf;fhf ve;j mikg;gpy; jPtpukhf Muk;gj;jpypUe;J jd;id mHg;gzpj;J te;jhNuh> mNj fl;rpapd; jiyikapyhd $l;lzp murhq;fk; jhd; ,tiu ifJ nra;J fLikahd rpj;jputijf;Fs;shf;fpaJ. Njhs;gl;ilapy; gl;l mb fhuzkhf Njhs;gl;il vYk;G Kwpe;J ePz;l fhyk; rpfpr;ir ngw;W te;jhH. NjhoH rPytj;jpf;F nkhj;jk; vl;Lg; gps;isfs; (Mz;fs; Ie;J NgH> ngz;fs; %tH). Gul;rpapd; NghJ mtuJ %d;W gps;isfSk; (x];kd;l;> rpl;dp> nee;njhy;) ifJ nra;ag;gl;ldH. vy;NyhUk; ehd;F tUlq;fSf;F Fiwahj rpiwthrj;ij mDgtpj;jdH. xU kfd; 1987-89 fhyg; gFjpapy; nfhy;yg;gl;lhH. gilapduhy; nfhy;yg;gl;ltH vd;Nw ,d;Wk; ek;gg;gLfpwJ.

71 Vg;uy; Gul;rpiaj; njhlHe;J ,tuJ tPL nghyp]huhy; mopj;J jPf;fpiuahf;fg;gl;lJ. #o ,Ue;jtHfshy; nghUl;fs; #iwahlg;gl;ld. tPl;by; ,Ue;j Vida gps;isfs;> kUkf;fs;khH> Ngud; Ngj;jp vd vy;NyhUkhf vy;yhtw;iwAk; gwpnfhLj;j epiyapy; tPl;il tpl;L ntspNawp rpy tUlq;fs; jiykiwthf ,Uf;f Nehpl;lJ. NghFkplq;fspnyy;yhk; xU gaq;futhjf; FLk;gk; vd;W ghHf;fg;gl;lNj ,jw;fhd fhuzk;. "nrhe;jf;fhuHfs; $l vq;fSld; neUq;f mQ;rpdH. vq;fSf;F cjtp nra;a kWj;jdH. tPl;by; ,Ue;j Mz;fs; vy;NyhUk; ifJ nra;ag;gl;l epiyapy; ngz;fs; ehq;fs; tWikapYk;> gaj;jpYk; fhyj;ij flj;jpNdhk;. me;j Jd;gq;fisAk;> mtyj;ijAk; ,d;W epidj;Jg; ghHf;fTk; eLq;FfpwJ" vd;fpwhH rPytj;jpapd; kfs;. ,g;gbg;gl;l nfhLu mDgtq;fspd; kj;jpapYk; Gul;rpapy; ek;gpf;if nfhz;ltuhfTk;> r%fg; Gul;rpnahd;iw vjpHghHj;j tz;zKk; ,Uf;fpd;w ,e;j jha; tuyhw;W epidTfspy; gjpe;J tpl;ltH.

,af;fj;jpd; ,isQHfs; ifJ nra;ag;gLk; Nghnjy;yhk; mtHfis rpiwf;Fr; nrd;W re;jpg;gJ kw;Wk; y.r.r.f.itr; NrHe;j -tof;fwpQHfshf ,Ue;j- vdJ ed;gHfspd; cjtpNahL tpLtpg;gJ> rpiwapypUf;Fk; fl;rp cWg;gpdHfsplk; jfty;fisf; nfhz;L nry;tJ> mtHfsplkpUe;J jfty;fis nfhz;L tUtJ Nghd;w flikfis nra;J te;Njd;. aho;g;ghzj;Jf;Fr; nrd;W NjhoH tpN[tPuit re;jpf;f ehDk; NjhoH Fkehaf;fTk; nrd;wpUe;Njhk;. jhf;Fjiy Nkw;nfhs;Sk; jPHkhdk; gw;wpa jfty; vd;dplk; mDg;gg;gltpy;iy. mj;jfty; Fkehaf;ftpD}lhf mDg;gg;gl;ljhf $wg;gl;lJ.

NjhoH vd;.vk;.ngNuuhit fl;rpj; jiyikf; fhhpahyaj;jpy; itj;J ehDk; Fkehaf;fTk; nrd;W re;jpj;J ,J Fwpj;J ciuahbNdhk;. ",e;ehl;bd; Gul;rpfu ,isQHfs; jq;fsJ nraw;ghLfis njhlHe;J nra;tij jLf;f vtuhYk; KbahNj NjhoH> mtHfis ifJ nra;J milj;J mlf;FKiwia gpuNahfpg;gJ ,lJrhhpf; fl;rpfspd; $l;lzp murhq;fnkhd;wpy; vg;gb epfo KbAk;? ePq;fs; $wp tUtijg; Nghy ,lJrhhpf; fl;rpfis ehrk; nra;a te;j rP.I.V. ,af;fnkd;gJ fl;Lf;fij. Kbe;jhy; mtHfSld; NrHe;J xj;JioAq;fs;" vd;W Nfl;Nld;. mtH ,jw;F nrtpkLf;ftpy;iy. myl;rpakhf ele;J nfhz;lhH. ",g;gb nrd;why; nrf;Nfh];yNtf;fpahtpy; ele;jijg; Nghy; jhd; MFk;. cq;fsJ kfd; x];kd;il Ntz;Lnkd;why; tpLjiy nra;fpNwd;. kw;wtHfisg; gw;wp vd;NdhL xd;Wk; Ngr Ntz;lhk;" vd;W $wptpl;lhH. mg;gbg;gl;l xU tpLjiy vdJ kfDf;F kl;Lk; Njit ,y;iy vd;W te;J tpl;Nld;.

I.Nj.f Njhw;fbf;FKfkhf If;fpa Kd;dzpnahd;iw fl;bnaOg;Gtjw;F y.r.r.f.> = yq;fh Rje;jpuf; fl;rpAld; $l;lzp mikf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;w gpNuuiz Fwpj;J xU Kiw efu rig kz;lgj;jpy; elj;jg;gl;l $l;lj;jpy; xU nghpa tpthjk; ele;jJ. Vwj;jho 700f;Fk; Nkw;gl;l thf;Ffs; mg; gpNuuizf;F Mjuthf mspf;fg;gl;lJ. me;j tpthjj;jpd; NghJ ghyh jk;G> vl;kd;l; rkuf;nfhb Nghd;w NjhoHfs; fLikahf vjpHj;J jhq;fs; ntsp NaWtjhf mwptpj;jhHfs;. ny];yp FztHjd> nfhy;tpd; MfpNahH ,jd; NghJ jhq;fs; eLepiy tfpg;gjhf mwptpj;jhHfs;. mtHfNshL NrHe;J ehDk; eLepiy tfpj;Njd;. gpw;fhyj;jpy; mg;gbnahU epiyg;ghl;il vLj;jpUf;ff; $lhJ vd;gij czHe;J nfhz;Nld;.

Vg;uy; 18Mk; jpfjpad;W ehd; ifJ nra;ag;gl;Nld;. x];kd;l;il vq;F itj;jpUe;jhHfs; vd;gJ njhpahjpUe;jJ. ehd; Njbaiye;J nfhz;bUe;Njd;. mg;gbahd xU Ntisapy; jhd;> ,ilapy; itj;J nghyp]hH vd;idf; ifJ nra;jhHfs;. ehd;F tUlq;fs; vt;tpj ntspAwTfSk; ,y;yhky; jLg;Gf; fhtypy; itf;fg;gl;bUe;Njd;. Muk;gj;jpy; ehd; fLk; jhf;FjYf;F cs;shfpapUe;Njd;. Njhspy; fLk; jhf;Fjyhy; Fwpg;gpl;l fhyk; tiu rpfpr;ir ngw;W te;Njd;. 5Mk; jpfjp jhf;Fjy; gw;wpa nra;jpia tpN[tPutplkpUe;J ehd; jhd; ngw;W te;Njd; vd thf;F %ykspj;jhy; vd;id tpLjiy nra;tjhf $wpdhHfs;. ehd; ,Wjp tiu xg;Gf; nfhs;s kWj;Njd;. mjd; tpisthfNt ehd;F tUlq;fs; rpiwapy; fopj;Njd;. kjpYf;F mg;ghy; vdJ kfd;khH %tUk; jLj;J itf;fg;gl;bUe;Jk; $l mtHfisr; re;jpf;f mDkjp jug;gltpy;iy. xU Kiw x];kd;l; vd;id re;jpf;f Ntz;Lnkd tprhuizahsHfsplk; Nfhhpaijj; njhlHe;J Mizf;FOtpypUe;j xU kdpj Neakpf;f xU tprhuizahsH jdJ nrhe;j Kaw;rpapd; Nghpy; gy ,lq;fspypUe;J cj;juT ngw;W xNu xU Kiw re;jpf;f top nra;jhH.

ntypf;fil rpiwapy; vq;fspy; gyH jLj;J itf;fg;gl;bUe;jdH. N[.tp.gp.apd; ngz; NjhoHfs; gyH mjpy; milj;J itf;fg;gl;bUe;jdH. rpiwf;Fs; ehq;fs; Kfk; nfhLj;j Kf;fpa gpur;rpid> rhjhuz r%f tpNuhj Fw;wq;fSf;fhfj; jz;lid ngw;w ifjpfisAk; vq;fisg; Nghd;w murpay; ifjpfisAk; xd;whf Nghlg;gl;bUe;jJ jhd;. ghjhs cyf nraw;ghLfspy; nfhiy> nfhs;is Nghd;w nray;fspy; <Lgl;l gyUk; vq;fSld; NrHj;J Nghlg;gl;bUe;jdH. rpiwf;Fs; mtHfSf;F> gy rYiffs; rpiw mjpfhhpfshy; toq;fg;gl;L te;jd. czT> ,Ug;gplk;> rPUil vd gy tplaq;fspy; mtHfSf;F tpNrl trjpfs; ,Ue;jd. murpay; ifjpfshd ehq;fs; epahakhd trpjpfNsh,d;W ,Ue;j mNj Ntis fphpkpdy; Fw;wthspfs; rYif ngw;wtHfshfTk;> rpiwf;Fs; mjpfhuk; epiwe;jtHfshfTk; ,Ue;jhHfs;. mJ kl;Lkd;wp mf;ifjpfs; vq;fis ,k;rpj;jhHfs;. vdNt> rpiwf;Fs; mbf;fb ,U rhuhUf;Fkpilapy; rz;ilfs; elg;gJz;L. ehq;fs; vkJ vjpHg;ig mt;tg;NghJ ntspg;gLj;Jk; tifapy; rpiwr; rhiyf;Fs;Sk; NghuhbNdhk;. Vw;nfdNt rpj;jputijf;Fs;shfp> tpuf;jpAw;w epiyapy; rpiwthrj;ij mDgtpj;J te;j ngz; NjhoHfSf;F Vw;gl;l ,t;tifahd epiyikfs; xU tifapy; rpj;jputijfNs. cz;ikapy;> rpiwr;rhiy vd;gJ ,d;ndhU murpay; tFg;G khj;jpukd;wp ,d;ndhU Nghuhl;lf;fsKk; $lj;jhd;.