-rutzd;

fle;j xf;NuhgH 3k; jpfjpad;W tptpad; FztHjd vk;ik tpl;L kiwe;J tpl;lhH. rfy gj;jphpiffSk; "Gul;rpf;fhhp" tptpadpd; ,og;Gf; Fwpj;Jr; nra;jpfs; ntspapl;bUe;jd. fle;j nrg;nlk;gH khjk; 18k; jpfjp jhd; tptpad; jdJ 80tJ gpwe;j ehisf; nfhz;lhbapUe;jhH. mtuJ Nritia tho;j;jp gy mikg;Gf;fs; ghuhl;Lf; $l;lq;fis elhj;jpapUe;jd. vz;zp 15tJ ehspy; jpBnud RftPdKw;w mtH M];gj;jphpapy; mDkjpf;fgl;l xU ehspNyNa vy;Nyh iuAk; tpl;Lg; gphpe;Jtpl;lhH.

fle;j thuk; rhpepfH MrphpaH gPl $l;lj;jpd; NghJ tptpadpd; 80tJ taJ gpwe;j ehisnahl;b mthplk; xU NeHfhzy; nra;tJ njhlHghff; fye;Jiuahlg;gl;lJ. ,Wjpapy; mg;ngh Wg;G vd;dplk; tplg;gl;lJ. mjw;fhd xOq;Ffis Nkw;nfhz;bUe;j NghNj mtuJ gphpT gw;wpa nra;jp vd;id vl;baJ. mjpHr;rpAk;> NtjidAk; mile;j epiyapy; Fw;wTzHTk; #o;e;Jnfhz;lJ vd;id.

NeHfhziyr; nra;a Kbatpy;iy vd;gjw;fhf kl;Lky;y. nrd;w tUlk; A+d; khjk; vdJ njhlH fl;Liuf;fhf tptpadpd; tPl;Lf;Fr; nrd;W ciuahbapUe;Njd;. mg;NghJk; mtuJ cly; epiy rpwg;ghf ,Uf;fhtpl;lhYk; cw;rhfj; Jld; ciuahbdhH. fle;j fhyq;fspy; mtuJ Nrit gw;wp ehd; njhpe;J itj;jpUe;jij tpl mtUld; ciuahb aNghJ fpilj;j jfty;fs; vd;idAk; cw;rhfg;gLj;jpapUe;jd. ehd; mthplk; "cq;fisg; gw;wp E}y; xd;iw vOj mDkjpg;gPHfsh> ePq;fs; mjw;F xj;Jiog;gPHfsh?" vdf; Nfl;lNghJ mtH "epr;rakhf ehd; xj;Jiof;fpNwd;. Fkhhp n[atHjdTk; vd;idg; gw;wpa xU E}iy vOJtjw;fhd Kaw;rpfis nra;J tUfpwhH. Vd; ePq;fs; nfhy;tpd; gw;wp jkpopy; rhpahd E}iy vOj Kayf; $lhJ?" vd vd;dplk; Nfl;lhH. mtH gw;wpa E}iy mtH ,Uf;Fk; NghNj nra;a Kbahky; NghdJ xU tifapy; Fw;wT zHit Vw;gLj;JfpwJ. MdhYk; tptpad; gw;wp tptpadpd; xj;Jiog;Gld; 'kyy;nfhl ge;Jjpyf;f' vd;gtH xU E}iy ntspapl;bUf;fpwhH vd;W ,U ehl;fSf;F Kd; mwpaf;fpilj;jJ. vdpDk; ,e;E}y; mtH ,we;j gpd; jhd; mr;R nra;J G+Hj;jpahf;fg;gl;lJ. tptpaDf;F me; E}iyg; ghHg;gjw;fhd tha;g;G ,y;yhky; Ngha;tpl;lJ.

tptpadpd; kuz CHtyj;jpy; fye;J nfhz;l ngUe;njhifahd nrQ;rl;ilazpe;j fl;rpj; njhz;lHfSk;> nghJ kf;fsJk; njhifNa tptpadpd; Nritf;F rhl;rp nrhy;Yk;. Kf;fpakhf tptpadplk; ,Ue;j xU Nghuhspf;Fhpa NeHikAk; Jzpr;rYk; mtuJ GfOf;Ff; fhuzkhapw;W.

tptpad; 1918.09.16k; jpfjpad;W gpwe;jhH. Mq;fpNya tpRthrkpf;f caH nfhtpfk rhjpapy; nry;thf;F gilj;j nghuSnfhl guk;giuapy; gpwe;jNghJk; caH kj;jpa ju tHf;fj;jtH gapyf; $ba nfhOk;G kpArpa]; fy;Y}hpay; gapd;w fhyj;jpNyNa gphpj;jhdpa Vfhjpgj;jpaj;ij vjpHj;J "#hpaky;" ,af;fj;Jld; NrHe;J jPtpukhfg; gzpahw;wpdhH. Mq;fpNyaHfshy; tUlhtUlk; Nkw;nfh s;sg;gl;L te;j (etk;gH 5k; jpfjp) "nghg;gpky;" jpdj;jpd; Nghjhd 5 epkpl nksdj;jpidg; ghlrhiyf;Fs;NsNa MHg;ghl;lk; nra;J Fog;GthH.

yq;fh rk rkh[f; fl;rpapy; md;iwa ehl;fspd; jiytHfshd gpypg; FztHjd> nuhgl; FztHjd MfpNahH tptpadpd; khkdhHfs; (jhapd; rNfhjuHfs;) ,tHfs; ,UtUk; tptpaDf;F khf;rPa murpay; czHit Cl;Ltjpy; Kf;fpa gq;fhw;wpapUe;jdH.

tPl;Lf;Fj; njhpahky; #hpaky; ,af;f j;jpy; jPtpukhf gq;nfLj;J te;jhH. gpd;dH ,J je;ijf;Fj; njhpa te;jNghJ tptpad; tPl;by; milf;fg;gl;lhH. mijAk; kPwp fsthf murpay; $l;lq;fspy; mtH fye;J nfhs;thH.

y.r.r.fl;rpNahL NrHe;J Ntiy nra;a je;ijaplk; mDkjp fpilf;fhj epiyapy;> ,ufrpakhf Muk;gj;jpy; Ntiy nra;aj; njhlq;fp> gpd;dH fl;rpapy; KO Neu Copauhfg; gzpGhpe;jhH. y.r.r.ftpd; nrayhsuhf md;W jPtpukhf gzpGhpe;J te;j ny];yp FztHjdTld; fhjy; nfhz;L FLk;gj;ijj; Jwf;f Ntz;ba epiyf;Fk; cs;shdhH.

ny];yp-tptpad; njhlHig ,y;yhky; nra;tjw;fhf tptpaid tPl;by; milj;J itj;jjhy; ny];yp> tptpadpd; je;ij Fzj;jpyf;fTf;F vjpuhf Ml;nfhzHT kD tof;nfhd;iw njhlHe;jpUe;jhH. md;W ny];ypf;F Mjuthf tof;fhbatH> gpd;dhspy; [dhjpgjpahd N[.MH.n[atHjdhNt. ,t;tof;fpd; NghJ ePjpkd;wj;jpy; itj;J tptpadpd; je;ij "vdJ kfs; fhjypf;Fk; egH Njr tpNuhjf; fl;rpapd; cWg;gpdH. y.r.r.f. xU Njr tpNuhjf; fl;rp vdg; Ngrg;gLk; fl;rpahFk;. mg;gbg;gl;l xUtiuj; jpUkzk; nra;jhy; vdJ kfSk; Njr tpNuhj Fw;wj;Jf;fhf jz;lid mDgtpf;f Ntz;b tUk;" vd;whH.

mjw;F tptpad; mspj;j gjpNyh "mtH $Wk; Njr tpNuhjf; fl;rpapy; ,ufrpakhf ehDk; mq;fk; tfpj;J tUfpNwd;. vdNt xU Njr tpNuhjf; fl;rpnahd;wpd; cWg;gpdUf;Ff; fpilf;ff; $ba mNj jz;lidia ehDk; mDgtpf;f Ntz;ba xd;Nw!" vd;whH.

,t;tof;fpd; ,Wjpapy; tptpadpd; je;ijia ePjpkd;wk; fz;bj;jJld;. ny];yp-tptpadpd; ,izit mq;fPfhpj;jJ.

tptpad;-je;ij cwT mj;Jld; Kwpt ile;jJ. tptpadpd; jdpg;gl;l tho;f;if Ak;> jdpg;gl;l ,ay;Gk; Gul;rpfukhdit.

1950,y; nfhOk;G khefurigapd; cWg;gpduhfTk;> 1956 NjHjypy; ghuhSkd;w cWg;gpduhfTk; MdhH. 1964k; Mz;L NjHjypYk; ntw;wp ngw;whH. 1965k; Mz;L tiuahd fhyj;Jf;Fs; cs;@uhl;rp kw;Wk; tPlikg;G gpujpaikr;ruhfg; gjtp tfpj;jhH. ,yq;ifapd; murpaypy; Kjw; ngz; gpujpaikr;ruhf epakpf;fg;gl;ltH tpaNd. 1970k; Mz;L NjHjypYk; ntd;whH. 1977k; Mz;L NjHjypy; ,uj;kyhd njhFjpapy; Nghl;b apl;l NghJk; yypj; mj;Jyj; Kjypapdhy; Njhw;fbf;fg;gl;lhH. mjd; gpd;dH mtH ve;jj; NjHjypYk; Nghl;bapltpy;iy.

1956k; Mz;L nkhopg;gpur;rpidapd; NghJ jkpo; nkhopf;Fk;> rpq;fsj;Jf;Fk; rkkhd me;j];J toq;fg;gl Ntz;Lnkdg; Nghuhba NghJ rpq;fs ,dthjpfshy; 'aho;Njtp'> vdg; gl;lg;ngaH #l;lg;gl; lhH. mJNghy '1953k; Mz;L `Hj;jhy;' Nghuhl;lj;jpd; NghJ jPtpukhf kf;fis mzpjpul;bg; NghuhbdhH. mnkhpf;f J}juhyaj;jpd;Kd; MHg;ghl;l CHtyk; elj;jpa NghJ tptpad; nfhs;Sg;gpl;b nghyp]huhy; fLikahfj; jhf;fg;g l;lhH. ,Wjp tiuAk; xLf;fg;gLk; kf;fSf;fhfg; Nghuhb te;jtH tptpad;.

jd; kPJk;> fl;rpj; njhz;lHfs; kPJk; I.Nj.f.tpduhy; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;l rz;bj;jdq;fis tptpad; jiyik nfhLj;J Kwpabj;j rk;gtq;fs; Vuhsk;.

md;W y.r.r.ftpd; mDruizAld; ntspaplg;gl;l '[djpd' gj;jphpifapYk; njhlHe;J rpy tUlq;fs; gzpahw;wpap Ue;jhH.

md;iwa fhydpj;Jtj;Jf;F vjpuhfTk;> gpw;fhyj;jpy; mnkhpf;f Vfhjpgj;jpa etfhydpj;Jtj;jpw;nfjpuhfTk; Nghuhb te;j tptpad;> epiwNtw;W [dhjpgjp Kiw> jpwe;j nghUshjhuf; nfhs;if vd;gtw;wpw;nfjpuhfTk; gpw;fhyq;fspy; FunyOg;gpdhH. ngz;fSf;F vjpuhf ele;j gy td;Kiwfisf; fz;bj;J elj;jg;gLk; CHtyq;fs; MHg;ghl;lq; fspy; tptpaidf; fhzyhk;.

gpNukjhr Ml;rpf; fhyj;jpy; mWgjhapu j;Jf;Fk; Nkw;gl;l mg;ghtp ,isQHfs; gLnfhiy nra;ag;gl;l NghJ "md;idaH Kd;dzp"Ald; ,ize;J gy $l;lq;fs; elj;jpapUf;fpwhH. mg;Nghnjy;yhk; tptpadpd; fhurhukhd ciuiaf; Nfl;gjw;fhfNt gyH $LtH. tajhdhYk; FuYk;> mjd; gpd;dhy; ,Uf;Fk; fUj;Jk; cWjp FiyahJ ,Uf;Fk;. xLf;fg;gl;l kf;fsidtUk; tptpad; Mw;wpa Nritia ,yFtpy; kwf;f khl;lhHfs;. ,yq;ifapy; ,lJrhhpf; fl;rpfs; vitANk ngz;fspd; chpikf;fhf fhj;jpukhd gq;fspg;ig ,Jtiu nra;ahjjhdJ> ngz;fspd; gq;fspg;gp Yk; tsHr;rpia Vw;gLj;jtpy;iy. kuG ,lJrhhp mikg;Gfspd; filrpf;fhykhd ,e;jf; fl;lj;jpy; ,Wjpahd Gul;rpf;fhhpia ,oe;J tpl;Nlhk;.

`pl;yhpd; rpiwapy; J}f;Ff;F mDg;gg; gl;l N[Hkd; fk;A+dp];l; fl;rp kj;jpa FO cWg;gpdH {ypa]; G+\pf; nrhd;dijg; Nghy "vkJ Nghuhl;lj;jpd; rfy epfo;TfSk; gjpT ngWtJ mtrpak;. Nghuhl;lj;ij Kd;ndLf; Fk; mLj;j re;jjpf;F mJ mtrpa khdJ." vd;gJ Nghy tptpadpd; tho;f;ifAk; gjpT ngwy; mtrpakhdJ.

(rhpepfH-96.xf;)